Global oil markets have been thrown into turmoil once again, with oil prices climbing back above $100 a barrel amid escalating tensions in the Middle East. The surge comes as attacks on cargo vessels in the Gulf raise fears about the safety of one of the world’s most critical energy routes - the Strait of Hormuz.
On Thursday, the global benchmark Brent crude rose roughly 9% in volatile trading, reaching around $101.4 per barrel. The sharp increase highlights growing concerns that the conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran could severely disrupt global energy supplies.
At the centre of the crisis is the Strait of Hormuz, a narrow shipping channel that connects the Persian Gulf to the global ocean. Despite its small size, the strait is one of the most strategically important waterways in the world. Roughly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply passes through it each day, along with significant volumes of liquefied natural gas.
However, the waterway is now effectively closed to normal shipping operations due to security fears. Several cargo vessels have reportedly been attacked in recent days, increasing the risks for tankers attempting to pass through the region.
Iran’s newly appointed supreme leader, Mojtaba Khamenei, signalled that the country may continue using the “lever of blocking the Strait of Hormuz” as part of its strategy during the ongoing conflict. Meanwhile, a spokesperson for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) warned that vessels linked to the United States, Israel, or their allies could be targeted.
The warning underscores just how fragile the situation has become. Any prolonged disruption in this key shipping lane could significantly reduce the global oil supply.
In response to the growing crisis, the International Energy Agency (IEA) announced earlier this week that its 32 member countries had agreed to release a record 400 million barrels of oil from emergency reserves. The move is intended to ease supply shortages and prevent energy prices from spiralling even higher.
Despite the announcement, oil markets reacted only briefly before prices began climbing again. Analysts say traders had largely anticipated the release and had already factored it into market expectations.
Experts also warn that while the emergency reserves may help stabilise markets in the short term, they cannot fully offset the scale of the disruption. Global oil consumption exceeds 100 million barrels per day. If the Gulf region loses 10 to 20 million barrels of daily supply, even a massive reserve release may only provide temporary relief.
The surge in oil prices quickly rattled financial markets. Major stock indexes across the United States and Europe are concerned that prolonged disruptions in global energy supply could slow economic growth and reignite inflation pressures.
Rising energy prices tend to ripple across the entire economy. Higher fuel costs increase transportation expenses, raise electricity prices, and push up the cost of goods and services.
This could complicate decisions for central banks such as the Bank of England, which had previously been expected to cut interest rates later this year. However, if energy-driven inflation continues to rise, policymakers may delay rate cuts - or potentially even consider raising rates again.
While the conflict is concentrated in the Middle East, its economic consequences are being felt worldwide. Countries across Asia are particularly vulnerable because they rely heavily on energy imports from the Gulf.
Oil markets have been highly volatile since the United States and Israel launched airstrikes against Iran in late February. Before the conflict began, Brent crude was trading near $73 per barrel. Since then, prices have surged dramatically, briefly approaching $120 earlier this week.
With attacks continuing in the Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz remaining unsafe for shipping, analysts warn that energy markets could remain unstable for weeks - or even months.
Some Iranian officials have even suggested that oil prices could reach $200 per barrel if the conflict escalates further.
For the global economy, the stakes are enormous. Energy prices influence everything from transportation and manufacturing to food costs and household budgets. As tensions in the Middle East persist, the world is once again being reminded just how sensitive the global economy is to disruptions in energy supply.
Next week fuel card prices will jump by a further 11 pence per litre for a second consecutive week.
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‍Oil Prices Surge as Middle East Conflict Disrupts Global Supply
Oil markets have recorded their sharpest weekly rise since 2022 as escalating conflict in the Persian Gulf begins to disrupt one of the world’s most critical energy supply routes.
The price of West Texas Intermediate crude jumped around 18% in just one week, as traders reacted to the rapidly deteriorating geopolitical situation in the Middle East.
The surge follows retaliatory attacks launched by Iran against Gulf nations after joint strikes by the United States and Israel on Iranian targets. Since 28 February, the conflict has intensified, causing significant disruption to both oil and natural gas production and deliveries across the region.
A major concern for global energy markets is the situation in the Strait of Hormuz. This narrow shipping channel between Iran and the United Arab Emirates is one of the most important oil transit routes in the world, with more than 80 oil tankers typically passing through each day.
However, shipping traffic has been dramatically reduced amid ongoing Iranian attacks and heightened security risks, with vessels either delaying transit or avoiding the area altogether. As a result, normal trade flows have been disrupted and global oil prices have reacted quickly.
Producers have also begun responding to the tightening supply outlook. Saudi Aramco has already announced its largest price increase since 2022 for its main crude grades sold to Asian customers for April delivery.
These developments are now starting to filter through to fuel markets.
Here in the United Kingdom, wholesale fuel costs rose sharply at the start of the week as financial markets reacted to the military escalation. According to the Petrol Retailers Association, wholesale diesel prices increased by around 15 pence per litre, while petrol rose by approximately 6 pence per litre.
While pump prices typically take around two weeks to fully reflect wholesale market changes, some retailers may have to pass on increases more quickly depending on their purchasing contracts.
As a result, average UK diesel prices have already reached a 16-month high, and further increases are likely if disruption in the Gulf continues.
Just a week ago, market attention was focused on U.S. inventory data and ongoing nuclear negotiations between Washington and Tehran. Now, geopolitics has firmly taken centre stage.
For the time being, the direction of oil prices will largely depend on how events in the Middle East unfold. Any further disruption to tanker traffic or regional production could push crude prices higher still, while diplomatic progress could quickly ease the current risk premium built into the market.
For fuel buyers and fleet operators, this means volatility is likely to remain a key theme in the weeks ahead.
Fuel card prices are also expected to rise sharply next week. Cards linked to commercial wholesale pricing models will likely increase by a minimum of 15p per litre, while cards based on retail pricing structures may see a smaller increase as they gradually catch up with current market conditions.
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Oil prices climb further as Iran talks cloud supply outlook.
Oil prices bounced higher this week as traders tracked the ongoing developments in U.S.–Iran nuclear talks, with geopolitics once again overshadowing fundamentals.
The key catalyst remains uncertainty out of Geneva. If negotiations collapse, Iranian oil stays constrained under sanctions and the risk of Gulf disruptions grows - both supportive for prices. But a deal that allows Iranian barrels back onto the market would likely erase much of the current risk premium.
On the fundamental side, the Energy Information Administration reported a massive 16-million-barrel build in U.S. crude inventories for the week ended Feb. 20, pushing stockpiles to 435.8 million barrels. That’s still about 3% below the five-year seasonal average, but the headline number was notably bearish.
Despite the large crude build, price reactions were muted - a sign that traders are more focused on geopolitics than weekly data. An unusually high EIA “adjustment factor” added further noise to the report, complicating the supply-demand picture.
Meanwhile, OPEC+ is weighing a modest 137,000 barrel-per-day production increase for April, though another pause remains possible. Key producers are set to meet March 1.
Right now, geopolitics is driving the bus. A breakdown in talks could push crude higher by expanding the risk premium. But if a framework agreement emerges and Iranian supply returns, today’s gains could unwind quickly, especially with U.S. inventories climbing and demand showing signs of strain.
In short: the next headline out of Geneva may matter more than the next inventory report!
As suggested in last weeks blog fuel card prices will increase sharply this week, in the region of 2.6 pence per litre as we head into the first week of March.
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Oil Surges on Rising U.S.–Iran Tensions and Key Court Decision Risk
Oil prices began the week on a weaker footing amid renewed optimism over a potential nuclear deal between the United States and Iran. However, sentiment shifted sharply in the second half of the week, with oil prices rallying as geopolitical tensions between Washington and Tehran intensified, injecting fresh uncertainty into global energy markets.
A report from Axios suggested that the prospect of a military conflict between the United States and Iran appears increasingly likely. According to sources cited in the report, there is currently no sign of a diplomatic breakthrough, and frustration is growing within the administration of Donald Trump.
The report noted that recent U.S. military build-up and escalated rhetoric may make it difficult for the White House to de-escalate tensions without Iran offering significant concessions on its nuclear program. Any potential military operation, according to the sources, would likely be extensive, potentially involving a weeks-long campaign resembling a full-scale war rather than a limited strike.
The oil market is highly sensitive to geopolitical risk especially when it involves Iran. The primary concern is the security of the Strait of Hormuz, a narrow waterway through which roughly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply flows every day.
Any disruption to shipping in this critical chokepoint could severely constrain global supply, triggering sharp price increases. Even the threat of disruption is enough to push traders into defensive positioning.
As a result, traders have been aggressively adding long oil positions to hedge against the risk of potential weekend developments, when markets are closed but geopolitical events can still unfold.
Interestingly, the Axios report also mentioned that U.S. officials have given Iran a two-week window to return with a detailed proposal following recent talks. This timeline echoes a familiar pattern. In past confrontations, similar deadlines have preceded rapid escalations, reinforcing traders’ perception that the current situation could reach a decisive point quickly.
Whether this deadline leads to renewed diplomacy or further escalation remains uncertain, but the compressed timeframe is contributing to heightened market anxiety.
Beyond geopolitics, oil markets are also watching a major economic catalyst: a potential ruling from the Supreme Court of the United States on Trump-era tariffs. If the court rules against the tariffs, it could improve global growth expectations by easing trade tensions. Stronger growth typically translates into higher oil demand, which would likely support further gains in crude prices.
In contrast, if tariffs remain in place, growth expectations could remain subdued, limiting upside in oil.
Fuel card prices for next week are expected to rise by 0.6ppl; however, there is a risk of a significant increase in the first week of March if oil prices remain elevated.
